Nosce te ipsum （拉丁文的意思是know thyself, 认识你自己）

今天我在阅读英国哲学家Thomas Hobbes(1588-1679)的传世著作：Leviathan: of Man and Common-wealth(中文译名：《利维坦：论人类和国家》，据说这本书被评为美国哈佛，耶鲁，MIT等著名大学图书馆学生借阅排名前十，有的大学甚至是排名第一)时，遇到拉丁文Nosce te ipsum, 英文的意思是read thyself, know yourself。

后来一查资料，原来nosce te ipsum 还有另外一个近义词拉丁文：Temet Nosce。

在这里有必要解释一下各个拉丁文的意思。

 nosce = noscere = get to know, learn, find out, become cognizant; 

 te = I, you/he/she/it,取决于te所指的对象 (amo te, ama me 我爱你，请你爱我。)

 ipsum是中性词，阴性词是ipsa, 阳性词是ipse, 意思是him/her/it/yourself

 temet的意思是yourself 

所以，nosce te ipsum 和 temet nosce的意思是 know yourself 认识你自己。

有关nosce te ipsum 和 temet nosce， 还有以下摘录的一段英文, 供大家参考：

Nosce Te Ipsum is an ancient Latin and Greek aphorism meaning "Know Thyself". A saying that has passed through time, serving as a reminder of each individual's own divine self. To "Know Thyself" one must embark on a journey to find inner peace as well as purpose; to see thyself as thy truly are, through a non-judgmental eye. It serves as a reminder of one's potential for true enlightenment and inspiration for life's journey.

翻译：Nosce Te Ipsum是古拉丁和古希腊格言，意思是：认识你自己。Nosce Te Ipsum穿越时空，提醒我们每一个人的“神性自我”。认识自我,伴随着我们人生的旅程，来发现我们内心的平和以及内心所想；通过非主观的角度，来看见我们真实的自己。 Nosce te ipsum认识自我，可以启蒙我们自己，给我们人生旅程更多灵感。

"Know Thyself" was inscribed above the Temple of Apollo at Delphi and has been attributed to many ancient Greek sages as well as many other honorable sources.

翻译：“认识你自己”曾被雕刻在古希腊古都Delphi特尔斐的Temple of Apollo阿波罗神庙上，被认为是古希腊诸多贤哲所说。（也有认为是古希腊第一个女祭司the first priestress, Phemonoe所说。 Phemonoe was said to have been the daughter of Apollo. Phemonoe据说是太阳神Apollo阿波罗的女儿。）

Ruins of forecourt of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi, 

where know thyself was once said to be inscribed

"Know thyself, because everything is in you." - Phemonoe, the first Priestess at Delphi

翻译：“认识你自己，因为任何事都由你而生。”-Phemonos, 希腊古都Delphi的第一个女祭司。

"Man know thyself; then thou shalt know the Universe." - Pythagoras

翻译：“人得先了解自己，然后你才能了解宇宙。”-Pythagoras 毕达哥拉斯（古希腊哲学家，数学家）

"An unexamined life is not worth living." - Socrates

翻译：“未被审视的人生，是不值得过的”-苏格拉底（古希腊哲学家，其名言有：

Other men live to eat，while I eat to live.其他人活着是为了吃，而我吃是为了活。

The secret of happiness， you see， is not found in seeking more， but in developing the capacity to enjoy less.快乐的秘密并不在于寻求更多想要的，而是在于培养清心寡欲的能力。

还有：真理有三部分：

1，考查，即求取它;

2，认识，即它已存在; 

3，信心，即运用它。）

Allegorical painting 17世界寓言油画
from the 17th century with text 

Nosce te ipsum认识你自己

"'Know Thyself', is as important to us today as it was to the students of Socrates. To fill our place in life successfully we must know our own weaknesses and faults, as well as our talents and abilities. We must analyze ourselves. We must stand aside and watch ourselves go by. We must see ourselves as others see us. 

翻译：“认识你自己”，对今天的我们和对苏格拉底学生的时代一样重要。我们必须认识我们自己的弱点和缺陷，以及我们的才能和能力。我们必须客观地审视我们自己，就像别人看待我们自己一样。

 Emerson once said, 'The purpose of life seems to be to acquaint man with himself.' If we cannot understand the motives of our own actions and words, if we cannot understand our own emotions we are in a poor position to try to understand God or others. It was Emerson who also said, 'a man contains all that is needful to his government within himself.' As we come to know ourselves we are able to govern ourselves and so are better fitted to find our place in life!" - Edgar Evans Cayce, Valedictorian Speech, 1935。

翻译：Emerson艾默生(Ralph Waldo Emerson 美国思想家，诗人 )曾说：生命是旨在和自己成为熟人。如果我们不能理解我们自己行为和语言的动机，如果我们不能理解自己的情绪，我们则很难尝试理解上帝和别人。Emerson艾默生也曾说过：人自身拥有治理自己的一切元素。“当我们理解自己，我们就能管理好我们自己，同样也能更好地找到我们人生的位置。”，这是1935年Edgar Evans Cayce的告别演说辞。（注：Edgar Evans Cayce是美国20世界上半叶著名的灵异事件解读者，梦境解读者以及食物疗法提倡者，被认为是奇人，先知prophet；但凯西从没认为自己有任何特殊超能力。）

"Analyze thyself, know thyself and thy purpose - Physically, Mentally, Spiritually.. For in such an analysis one may find self." - Cayce

翻译：“分析你自己，了解你自己和你的目的，身体上的，心理上的，精神上的。。。，因为用这样的分析方法，每个人都可以发现你自己。”-凯西。

Nosce Te Ipsum = Know thyself 认识你自己

2019年1月25日于北京

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